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Key Facts |
| Other names |
Giovanni Angelo Medici, Giovanni Angelo de' Medici |
| Born |
1499 |
| Location |
Milan or Rome, Italy |
| Bloodline |
de' Medici |
| Married |
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| Children |
Carlo (Borromeo) de' Medici |
| Position |
Pope (1559-1565) |
| Died |
December 9, 1565 |
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Background |
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Giovanni Angelo de' Medici born as the younger son of Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, later Pope Leo X (1513-1521) into the fabulously wealthy and powerful de' Medici bloodline of Florence. His name is deliberately modified and background changed to avoid the recognition that Pope Leo X is the first and only Pope in history to have fathered two sons who also became Popes. |
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In 1513, when his father became Pope Leo X, Giovanni was appointed Cardinal at age 14. His power and influence grew with age continuing under the Pontificate of his brother Giulio de' Medici as Pope Clement VII (1523-1534). |
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At the death of his brother in 1534, the influence of de' Medici was reduced for a time, against powerful rivals such as the Carafa of Naples including Cardinal Giovanni Pietro Carafa. |
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When Giovanni Carafa as Pope Paul IV died on August 18, 1559, a war between the Papal families once again erupted and on December 25, 1559 Cardinal Giovanni Angelo de' Medici was elected Pope Pius IV. |
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His first public acts of importance were to grant a general pardon to the participators in the riots which helped him win his papacy, and to bring to trial the sons of his predecessor, of whom Cardinal Carlo Carafa was strangled, and Duke Giovanni Carafa of Paliano, with his nearest connections, beheaded. |
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A conspiracy against Pius IV, headed by Benedetto Accolti (a son of a cardinal ousted by Pius III), was discovered and crushed in 1565. |
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Pius IV, like many of his predecessors and successors, was a nepotist. Among the relatives he favoured, the main figure is that of Carlo Borromeo his illegitimate son through a near relative Margherita de'Medici. Under his reign Michelangelo re-built the basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli (in the Diocletian's Baths) and the eponymous Villa Pia, now known as Casina Pio IV and headquarters of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, was designed by Pirro Ligorio in the Vatican Gardens. |
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He died on December 9, 1565, and was buried in Santa Maria degli Angeli. |
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Most Evil Crimes |
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List of most evil crimes |
| Type |
Year |
Crime |
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Of crimes against humanity (1563) Following the Council of Trent, That the Jesuit Order becomes 'Defender of the Faith' not only in actively seeking out heretics in slave territories, but in the investigation of possible sites of “forbidden books”. By order of the Pope, the Jesuits officially become the secret police of the Roman Catholic Church. |
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Of crimes against humanity: (1563) That due to the constant suppression of medicine, knowledge, sanitation and fundamental human rights by the Roman Catholic Church in operating the largest Theocratic system in human history, that Bubonic Plague was again allowed to break out and kill tens of millions of innocent people. That not only did the Vatican not provide one dollar for assistance, but did accelerate its program of identifying people with knowledge of medicine or science and murder them to enable the Plague to spread. |
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Of historic extortion, moral depravity and heresy for profit: That Pope Pius IV in 1565 granted to the members of the confraternity of the Hospital of St. Lazarus, besides several plenaries and the indulgences of Santo Spirito in Saxia and the Stations of Rome, the jubilee and the Holy Land, a year and a quarantine for every day , 2,000 years on each of the feasts of the Apostles, 100,000 years on Epiphany and each day of the octave, 3,000 years and as many quarantines with remission of one-third of sins on every Sunday, 2,000 years and 800 quarantines of Christmas, Resurrection and Ascension and each day of their octaves, 8,000 years and 8,000 quarantines of Pentecost and each day of the octave, 2,000 years and one-seventh remission of sins on Corpus Christi and each day of the octave, 2,000 years and one-seventh remission of sins on Corpus Christi and each day of the octave, 30,000 years and 3,000 quarantines on All Saints and each day up to St. Leonard's (November 1st to 6th) |
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Of profiting from crime: (1570+) Dominicans, Augustinians and Jesuits exploit Mexicans by "owning the largest flocks of sheep, the finest sugar ingenios and the best kept estates". |
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Death and Legacy |
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