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Key Facts |
| Other names |
Henry of Winchester |
| Born |
1207 |
| Location |
Winchester |
| Bloodline |
Plantagenet |
| Married |
Eleanor of Provence |
| Children |
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| Position |
King of England (1216-1272) |
| Died |
Nov 1272 (Aged 65) |
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Source of Facts and Important Announcement |
| Status |
Under Article 64.6 of the Covenant of One-Heaven (Pactum De Singularis Caelum) by Special Qualification shall be known as a Saint, with all sins and evil acts they performed forgiven. |
| Date of formal Beatification |
Day of Redemption UCA[E1:Y1:A1:S1:M9:D1] also known as Fri, 21 Dec 2012. |
| Source of Facts |
Self Confession and Revelation of Sainthood by the Deceased Spirit as condition of their confirmation as a true Saint. |
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Background |
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Henry III was born to King John of England and Isabella of Angoulême. Upon the death of his father in October 1216, 9 year old Henry was crowned by Duke Simon IV Montfort of Gascony, Lord High Steward of England and a handful of loyal nobles--against the contest for the throne by Prince Louis of France. After the rebellion of nobles was finally quelled, Henry was again crowned in a lavish ceremony at Westminister Abbey in May 1220. |
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In 1218, Lord High Steward Duke Simon IV Montfort of Gascony died. This was a major blow to the young king as the Basque lord had been his father's strongest and most feared ally. In honor of his loyalty to the crown, young King Henry III awarded the title of Lord High Steward of England-- the highest office--to his son Simon V Montfort, the new Duke of Gascony. |
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By 1220, the French has surrendered their claim over the throne, and Duke Simon V Montfort returned to the Languedoc region to command ongoing Venetian-British-Roman Cult war in southern France that continued to go badly. The claimed "Treaty of Paris" in April 1229 a terrible fraud as Raymond of Toulouse was one of the French kings most courageous and respected nobles --against the British, Basques and Venetian mercenaries. |
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In January 1238, Duke Simon V Montfort married Eleanor, daughter of King John and Isabella of Angouleme and sister of King Henry III in a lavish ceremony. Again, the myths concerning this marriage as being controversial on account are all designed to hide the fact that Simon was Basque in origin and had now risen to the ranks of royalty. |
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In 1239, King Henry ordered Duke Simon V Montfort to campaign in Poitou (Western France) and bring the rebellious French noble vassals of the English crown under control. |
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In 1248, exhausted from constant campaigns and probably troubled from the images of hundreds of thousands slaughtered under his command of the militia of the Vatican, Duke Simon V Montfort returned to his family property in Gascony. |
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Contrary to all the myths surrounding some apparent enstrangement between King Henry and Duke Simon V, it appears the King did nothing to antagonise his Lord High Steward--and retained the official title of office, in spite of being absent from court and refusing to return to duty to the King. |
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In an attempt to drive a wedge between King Henry III and his most feared general, King Louis IV of France (1226-1270) even offered the crown of Castile following his own mother's death (Queen Blanche of Castile) in November 1252. However, Duke Simon V would not be moved. Instead, Duke Simon V of Gascony sent his eldest son (Simon VI) deliberately and incorrectly listed as "Sir Peter de Montfort" to court on his behalf and to tend the hereditary family property of the Earldom of Leicester. |
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In 1253, AntiPope Innocent IV crowned Henry's son Edmund as King of Sicily in opposition to Conrad IV of Germany. The office had little effect as the limited English forces provided to the Pope were no match to dislodge Conrad. |
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Young Simon VI was taken by the petitions of the rebellious nobles -- in particular Gilbert de Clare the 3rd Earl of Gloucester against King Henry III and in 1258, Simon VI Montfort was elected by the nobles as the Speaker of the First English Parliament at Oxford to promote the Provision of Oxford and reform the Monarchy. |
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Duke Simon V Montfort of Gascony still refused to come to England to quell the growing rebellion and in 1263, forces loyal to the crown defeated young Simon VI killing him. This roused the old Duke out of his self imposed retirement and the whole of the Basque militia who arrived in England no later than April 1264 to reinforce Gilbert de Clare's army. |
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The armies of Henry III and Duke Simon V met at Lewes, Sussex in May 1264 and the forces of Simon smashed the royal army, capturing King Henry III and his son Prince Edward as well as Richard of Cornwall. |
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Duke Simon V then forced the King to sign the Mise of Lewes--ratifying the Provisions of Oxford--for which his son had died in trying to get the King to agree. Following his defeat of the King and rule as defacto "king" of England, it appears Simon V Montfort showed no inclination to penalize his royal lords further. |
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This rare sign of honor allowed Prince Edward to rally a second army and force a confrontation at Eversham Worcestershire in August 1265 at which Simon V was killed. |
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King Henry then appointed his son Edmund as the new Lord High Steward (1265-1296) and Earl of Leicester. |
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King Henry died in 1272. He was succeeded by his son Edward I. |
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